Carbureter.



J. C. CARPENTER.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATlON FILED APR.1. 1912 Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

WI TIV E 885 8:

o M W m true.

JOHN C. CARPENTER, 0F HOUSTON HEIGHTS, TS.

CA i= URETER.

Specificatioxr of Letters Patent.

Patented SeptQil, 19115.

Application filed April 1, m2. Serial No. 687,855.

class of such devices which are designed to be used on internal combustion engines.

My invention is intended to provide a det eration, an'exaniple ofwhich is described in vice which, without the use of a fuel reser- ,voir and float-controlled valve therein, will deliver-to the engine, at all times, a proper mixture of liquid fuel and air, the liquid fuel being atomized or nebulized, and each molecule of liquid fuel being closely surrounded by the correct number of oxygen vmolecules. As the fineness of division of the liquid fuel, by means of the spray n'ozzle, is due-to the velocity'of efliuxion from the fuel nozzle, and the velocity ofefiluxion I due, in turn,'to the difl'erence in pressures existing at the two ends of the fuel passage,

'it is obvious that. the fuel must leave "the nozzle, at best, as a thin conical sheet of liquid, and more often in a solid stream or in globules. .Observation through a glass carbureting chamber has shown this to be chanicallydisintegrating the fuel as it is discharged into the air stream. This is accomplished by means of a column of air, -in-.

. duced by the suction of the engine, rotating bodily about the spray nozzle, the liquid fuel being drawn through itspassa e by the mo-' tor simultaneously with'the in ux of, the air with which it mixes. The rotating column of air causes'the fuel to rotate as it leaves the nozzle, the centrifugal force thereby exerted causing the cone of fuel tospread out, allowing a, more intimate mingling of the fuel and air and greatly assisting vaporization. The finer fue divisions are caught up and entrained in the rotating air column,-while the heavier fuel particles, yielding to a greater centrifugal force, are thrown against the walls of the carbureting chamber, where they are held by inwardly projecting flanges until further vaporized. A mushroom deflector is provided on the needle valve and a To overcome this objectionable condeflector cone supported in the carbureting chamber, which more widely separate the fuel particles, allowing greater opportunity flues, through suitable ports in the casing,

and is therefore intimately mingled with the gaseous mixture.

With the above and other objects in view, my invention has particular relation to certain novelfeatures of construction and opthis specification and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of my Fig. 2 is a plan view of the entire device. lower plate, With its cooperating air'valves.

Referring now, more particularly, to the drawings, wherein like numerals of reference designate similar parts in each of the figures, the numeral 1 refers to a circular bottom plate, -provided withv six segmental ports 2 for the primer" air passage 3, and six segmental ports 4, or the secondary air passage 5. Mounted concentrically on said plate 1 isthe fuel standpipe 6, havin a flared nozzle 7 and carrying six spiral ba' es 8 a spanning the primary air passage 3, the

said plate 1, standpipe 6and bafies 8-being v integral.

The numeral 9 refers to the primary air casing," which incloses the fuel standpi e and rests against the outer edges, of tlie baflles 8 and upon the plate 1. Thecasing 9 is also provided with six spiral bafies 10, spanning the secondary air passage *5, the casing 9 and the spiral balfles IO-being into a he numeral 11 refers to the secondary air casing, which rests against the outer edges of the spiral baflies 10, and upon the late 1,

and extends u wardso as to form t e car: bureting cham r 12 and support a flue late 13. The casing 11 is in the formof a.

enturi tube, the upper portion inolosing' the carbureting' chamber 12, being provided with .inwardl extending spiral flanges 14. Mounted in t e flue late 13 are a plurality of fines -16, with their upper ends free and their lower ends projectlngfthrough said flue plate and curved concentrically anticlockwise so as to meet and receive the mixture rotating .clockwise in'said carbureting chamber 12. The flues 16 extend upward into a mixing chamber 17, inclosed by a casing 18, having a plurality of circumferential ports 19 for the admission of auxiliary air. The ports 19 are controlled by an. annular valve 20, operated by lever 21.

Mountedabove the flues 16, in the casing 18, is a butterfly throttle valve 22, operated by lever 23, and provided with a perpendicular depending projection 24. Hingedly connected to said projection 24 is a rod 25, which engages a slot 26 in the stem 27 of a fuel valve 28.. This fuel valve normally rests in the nozzle 7 and obstructs the flow of fuel, and is provided with a mushroom deflector 29.

Surrounding the valve stem 27 and supported by the flue plate 13 is a deflector in the forin of a cone frustum, designated by the numeral 30.

concentrically mourited on said fuel standpipe 6, and resting against the bottom of plate 1, is a circular primary air valve 31, operated by lever 32, and controlling the primary air ports 2. Primary air valve. 31

is held against the. plate 1 by a nut 33 a .locknut 34.

The numeral 35 refers to a circular secand ondary air valve, operated by the lever 36,

and controlling the secondary.air ports 4.

The secondary air valve 35 is-held in contact with the bottom of plate 1 by the overlapping edge of the primary air valve 31.

The circular bottom plate 1, the casing 11,

the flue plate 13 and the casing 18 are held together by through bolts 37, which screw into the plate 1.

No showing-is made of means for operating either of the three air valves. The primary air valve may be under the control of the operator, while the secondary and auxiliary air valves may be interconnected by a "lever, and this lever underthecontrol of another lever which is operated by a gov:

my application .No. 489,982, filed April 15,

Theoperation of this device. is described as follows: Before attempting to start the engine theprimary airvalve is nearly closed. The fuel valve and the secondary and auxiliary air valves are normally closed while the engine-is at rest, The engine suction.

induces a pressure reduction about the nozzle, which causes air to enter through the primary air ports 2 and lift the fuel valve 28, allowing fuel to issue. It will be 'seen that the .fuel valve is lifted by suction, and held downv and regulated by the throttle valve, through the rod 25 engaging in the 'slot 26 of the stem 27 of the fuel valve as.

As the throttle valve is opened farther, the fuel valve is allowed to lift higher. As the air passes upward through the primary air passage 3, body rotation is imparted to it by means of the spiral baflles 8. This body rotation of the air column should not be confused with the spiral motion imparted by carbureters having but one' spiral spanning the air passage, or even a plurality of spirals not extending across the air passage. A single spiral produces a singlecolumn of air spiraling about a given point or axis. When a spiraling column of air passes ,a fuel nozzle, the fuel is drawn to one side,

fuel ejected fromsaid nozzle. Body rota-.

tion is imparted to the secondary air, by means of the spiral baffles 10, their effect being similar to that of the spiral baffles 8 upon the primary air. The secondary air is called into action as soon as the engine begins to rotate, and supplements the action of the primary air upon the fuel, The auxiliary air is called into use only after the secondary air valve is fully open. As the fuel standpipe, the primary air passage and v and centrifugal force is not exerted thereon the secondary air passage are concentric,

the primary and secondary air columns will combine as they pass the nozzle. Asthe fuel valve projects into the nozzle and forms .an annulus of the fuel therein, it will be seen that the rotating air column will imernor and the throttle rod, and therefore part rotation to the annulus of fuel ejected from the nozzle, and this will be deflected by the mushroom deflector 29, spreading over the surface thereof and afi'ording op portunity for surface vaporization. The lighter particles of fuel will be entrained in the air column passing the mushroom deflector, while the heavier particles of fuel will be thrown outwardly by centrifugal force against me walls of the c'arbureting 7 chamber, where they will be held by the projectingflanges until vaporization has so far progressed that the lighter particles will be entrained in the rotating column. the rotating column passes upward between the. frusto-conical deflector 30 and the diverg-- ing walls of the casing 11, it rotates in increasing circles, and comes in contact with 'a greater evaporatlng surface. Whenever aparticle of fuel comes in contact with any portion of thev carburetmg chamhe rgfi't IS masses spread out and exposed to a greater number of molecules of oxygen. Since the deflector 30 is supported by the flue plate 13 and is spaced therefrom, the lighter particles will be drawn over the edge of said deflector and through the fines nearest the center of said flue plate, while the heavier particles will be received by the outerflues and the unvaporized portion'discharged against the converging sides of the casing 18. Ihese flues are concentrically curved so as to receive the rotating mixture from the carbureting chamber, and are supported at the lower end only, so that auxiliary air maybe admitted among the flues by means of the annularthe combination with a fuel duct; of a plu-- rality of airpassages concentric with said fuel duct; a carbureting chamber, adjacent to said fuel duct and air passages, and arranged to receive fuel and air, respectively,

' therefrom; and a flange projecting inwardly from the wall of said carbureting chamber.

2. In a device of thecharacter described, the combination with a fuel duct; of a plurality of air passages, each surrounding said fuel. duct; a carbureting chamber, adjacent to said fuel duct and air passages, and arranged to receive fuel and air, respectively, therefrom; and a flange projecting inwardly from the wall of said carbureting chamber.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination with a carbureting chamber; of an air passage arranged to discharge into said carbureting chamber; a fuel nozzle mounted in said air passage and arranged to discharge into said carbureting chamber; a plurality of spiral partitions spanning said air passage and arranged to impart rotation bodily to the air passing said fuel nozzle; and a flange projecting inwardly, from the wall of said carbureting chamber.

4. In a device of the character described, the combination with an air passage; of a fuel nozzle mounted therein; a flared carbureting chamber, having its smaller end adjacent to said air passage and fuel nozzle and arranged to receive a1r and fuel, respectively, therefrom; and a flan e pro ecting carbureting for receiving the heavier fuel'particles.

5. In a device of the character described, the combination with an air passage; of a fuel nozzle mounted therein; a flared carbureting chamber, having its smaller end adj a.-

cent to said air passage and fuel nozzle, and arranged to receive air and fuel, respectively, therefrom; a means for bodily rotating said air column about said fuel nozzle so that the fuel discharged from said nozzle shall be subjected to centrifugal force and discharged from said nozzle in a diverging spray;-and a meansprovided upon the wall of said carbureting chamber for receiving the heavier particles of fuel spray and retaining the same until they are further vaporized.

6. In a device of the character described, the combination with an air passage; of a fuel nozzle mounted therein; a flared carbureting chamber, having its smaller end adjacent to said air passage and fuel nozzle and arranged to receive air and fuel, respectively, therefrom; a flange projecting inwardly from the wall of said carbur eting chamber and forming therewith a receptacle for receiving the heavier fuel particles; and a spray deflectorin said carbureting chamber, adjacent to said fuel nozzle, and adapted ,to deflectthe said fuel spray toward said receptacle.

7. In a device of the character described, the combination with an air passage; of a fuel nozzle mounted therein; a flared carbureting chamber, having its smaller end adj acentto said air passage and fuel nozzle and arranged to receive air' and fuel, respectively, therefrom; a flange projecting inwardly from the wall of said carbureting chamber and forming therewith a receptacle for receiving the heavier fuel particles; a spray deflector in said carbureting chamber, adjacent to said fuel nozzle, and adapted to deflect the fuel spray toward said receptacles; and a needle fuel valve, carried by said deflector and cooperating with said fuel nozzle to open and close the same, and adapted to divide the fuel in said nozzle so as to form an annulus of fuel around said' fuel valve.

8. In a device of the character described,

the combination with a fuel duct; of a.-

primary air duct; an auxiliary air duct; a passage leading'from said ducts to an engme; a flue plate within said passage and between said primarv air duct andsaid auxiliary air duct; a plurality of flues, mounted "at one end upon said flue plate and having their other ends free, said fuel duct and primary air duct discharging through said fines and said auxiliary air duct discharging among said fiues.

9. In a device of the character described, the combination with a fuel. duct; of a primary air duct; an auxiliary air duct; a passage leading from said ducts to an en? gine; a flue support within said passa e and tween said primary air duct an said auxiliary air duct; a pluralit of flues, mounted at one end upon said, ue support and having their other ends free, said fuel duct and primary air duct discharging through said. flues and said auxiliary air duct discharging among said fines and into said passage.

10. In a device 'of the character described, the combination with a fuel nozzle; of a primary air passage; an auxiliary air passage; a carbureting chamber receiving from said fuel nozzle and primary air passage; a mixing chamber receiving from said carbureting chamber and auxiliary air passage; a flue plate separating said carbureting and mixing chambers; and a plurality of flues mounted at oneend in said flue plate and having their other ends free, and extending into said mixing chamber.

11. In a device of the character described, the combination with a fuel nozzle; of a primary air passage; an auxiliary air passage; a carbureting chamber receiving from said fuel nozzle and primary air passage; a mixing chamber receiving from said carbureting chamber and auxiliary air passage; a flue plate separating said carbureting and mixing chambers; and a plurality of flues, each having one end free and the other projecting through said flue plate into said carbureting chamber, and having their projecting ends inclined so as to meet the fluid discharged from said carbureting chamber and readily receive the same.

12. In a device of the character described, the combination with a fuel nozzle; of a primary air passage; an auxiliary air passage; a carbureting chamber receiving from said fuel nozzle and primary air passage; a mixing chamber receiving from said carbureting chamber and auxiliary air passage; a flue plate separating said carbureting and mixing chambers; and a plurality of flues; mounted at one end in said flue plate and having their other ends free, and

having their mounted ends projecting through said flue plate and curved ,concentrically with said carbureting chamber.

13. In a device of the character described, the combination with a fuel nozzle; off'a primary air'passage; an auxiliary air passage; a flue plate separating the element, produced by the combination of the fluids discharged through said fuel nozzle and primary air passage, from'the element discharged through said auxiliary air passage and a plurality of flues mounted at one end in said flue plate and having their other ends free, said flues being so arranged as to commingle said elements, one of said elements being admitted among said flues and the other of said elements being conducted through said flues.

14. In a device of the character described, the combination with a fuel nozzle; of a primary air passage; an auxiliary air passage; a means within said primary a'ir passage for producing a whirling fuel spray; a carbureting chamber receiving from said fuel nozzle and primary air passage; a mixing chamber receiving from said carbureting chamber and auxiliary air passage; a flue plate separating said carbureting and mixing chambers; and a plurality of fines,

each having one end projecting through said flue support into said carbureting cham-' her and inclined so as to meet the whirling 'fuel spray and readily receive the same, and

having the other end free and projecting into said mixing chamber.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN C. CARPENTER.

Witnesses J. -W. YEAGLEY, MAY MONTGOMERY. 

